#!/usr/bin/env bash # ===================================================================== # 使用 Podman 部署实验室预约平台 # # 用法: # ./scripts/podman-deploy.sh up [--no-build] # 构建镜像并按 数据库->后端->前端 顺序启动 # ./scripts/podman-deploy.sh build # 只构建镜像 # ./scripts/podman-deploy.sh down # 停止并删除容器(保留数据库数据目录) # ./scripts/podman-deploy.sh down-v # 停止并删除容器与数据目录(重建演示数据) # ./scripts/podman-deploy.sh status # 查看容器状态 # ./scripts/podman-deploy.sh logs # 跟随查看后端日志 # ./scripts/podman-deploy.sh diagnose # 输出镜像/容器/日志等诊断信息 # # 可选环境变量: # CMD_TIMEOUT 单条 podman/compose 命令超时秒数(默认 60,防止卡死) # BUILD_TIMEOUT 镜像构建超时秒数(默认 1800) # READY_TRIES 等待就绪的轮询次数,每轮 2 秒(默认 60) # DEBUG=1 输出每一步执行的命令(set -x) # # 背景:Podman 的 compose 实现(podman-compose)与 Docker Compose 在 # 「镜像名解析、depends_on 依赖查找」上存在差异,直接 up 常见报错: # Error: short-name "lab-reservation_backend" did not resolve to an alias ... # Error: "lab-backend" is not a valid container, cannot be used as a dependency # 本脚本的处理方式: # 1) 先用 podman build 显式构建 lab-backend / lab-frontend 镜像,避免短名拉取; # 2) 再用 `up -d --no-deps` 逐个启动服务并等待就绪,绕过 compose 的依赖查找; # 3) down 时直接按容器名清理,避免 podman-compose 对不存在容器的报错噪音; # 4) 启动前生成去除 depends_on 的临时 compose 文件,避免旧版 podman-compose # 在 `up` 时等待依赖健康检查而卡死; # 5) 所有外部命令都带超时,任何一步卡住都会明确报出并退出,不会无限等待。 # ===================================================================== set -euo pipefail if [ "${DEBUG:-0}" = "1" ]; then set -x; fi SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)" PROJECT_DIR="$(cd "${SCRIPT_DIR}/.." && pwd)" cd "${PROJECT_DIR}" # ---------- 可调参数 ---------- CMD_TIMEOUT="${CMD_TIMEOUT:-60}" BUILD_TIMEOUT="${BUILD_TIMEOUT:-1800}" READY_TRIES="${READY_TRIES:-60}" # ---------- 服务/容器名 ---------- MARIADB_CONTAINER="lab-mariadb" BACKEND_CONTAINER="lab-backend" FRONTEND_CONTAINER="lab-frontend" NETWORK_NAME="lab-reservation_lab-net" # ---------- 日志与错误追踪 ---------- log() { printf '[%s] %s\n' "$(date '+%H:%M:%S')" "$*" } # 出错时给出失败信息,便于定位卡住/失败的位置 on_error() { local exit_code=$? log "执行失败(退出码 ${exit_code}),出错位置约在脚本第 ${1:-?} 行" log "可执行 '$0 diagnose' 查看容器与日志,或 DEBUG=1 $0 up 观察每一步命令" exit "${exit_code}" } trap 'on_error ${LINENO}' ERR # ---------- 带超时执行命令 ---------- # 说明:macOS 默认没有 timeout 命令,这里提供纯 bash 兜底实现。 # 返回 124 表示超时。 run_with_timeout() { local seconds="$1" shift if command -v timeout >/dev/null 2>&1; then timeout "${seconds}" "$@" return $? fi if command -v gtimeout >/dev/null 2>&1; then gtimeout "${seconds}" "$@" return $? fi "$@" & local pid=$! local waited=0 while kill -0 "${pid}" 2>/dev/null; do if [ "${waited}" -ge "${seconds}" ]; then kill -TERM "${pid}" 2>/dev/null || true sleep 2 kill -KILL "${pid}" 2>/dev/null || true wait "${pid}" 2>/dev/null || true return 124 fi sleep 1 waited=$((waited + 1)) done wait "${pid}" } # ---------- 检查 podman ---------- if ! command -v podman >/dev/null 2>&1; then log "错误:未找到 podman,请先安装:https://podman.io/docs/installation" exit 1 fi # ---------- 选择可用的 compose 命令 ---------- COMPOSE=() COMPOSE_FILE_ARGS=() compose_available() { if run_with_timeout 30 podman compose version >/dev/null 2>&1; then COMPOSE=(podman compose) return 0 fi if command -v podman-compose >/dev/null 2>&1; then COMPOSE=(podman-compose) return 0 fi return 1 } if ! compose_available; then log "错误:未找到可用的 podman compose / podman-compose,请安装 podman-compose:" log " pipx install podman-compose 或 pip3 install --user podman-compose" exit 1 fi log "使用 compose 命令:${COMPOSE[*]}" # ---------- 读取 .env 配置(不 source,避免值中含空格被当作命令执行) ---------- read_env() { if [ -f .env ]; then grep -E "^$1=" .env 2>/dev/null | tail -n 1 | cut -d= -f2- | tr -d '"' || true fi } WEB_PORT="$(read_env WEB_PORT)" BACKEND_PORT="$(read_env BACKEND_PORT)" DATA_DIR_ENV="$(read_env DATA_DIR)" WEB_PORT="${WEB_PORT:-8088}" BACKEND_PORT="${BACKEND_PORT:-8080}" DATA_DIR="${DATA_DIR:-${DATA_DIR_ENV:-./mariadb-data}}" DATA_DIR="${DATA_DIR%/}" # ---------- 通用检查函数(inspect 在 podman / docker 下语义一致) ---------- image_exists() { run_with_timeout "${CMD_TIMEOUT}" podman image inspect "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1 } container_exists() { run_with_timeout "${CMD_TIMEOUT}" podman inspect "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1 } # ---------- 构建镜像 ---------- build_images() { log "构建后端镜像 lab-backend:latest(首次构建需拉取 Maven 依赖,可能较慢)" if ! run_with_timeout "${BUILD_TIMEOUT}" podman build -t lab-backend:latest .; then log "错误:后端镜像构建失败或超时(BUILD_TIMEOUT=${BUILD_TIMEOUT}s)" exit 1 fi log "构建前端镜像 lab-frontend:latest" if ! run_with_timeout "${BUILD_TIMEOUT}" podman build -t lab-frontend:latest ./frontend; then log "错误:前端镜像构建失败或超时(BUILD_TIMEOUT=${BUILD_TIMEOUT}s)" exit 1 fi if ! image_exists lab-backend:latest || ! image_exists lab-frontend:latest; then log "错误:镜像未生成,请查看上方构建日志" exit 1 fi log "镜像构建完成" } # ---------- 生成 Podman 专用 compose 文件 ---------- # podman-compose 在 `up` 处理 depends_on 的 service_healthy 条件时可能长时间阻塞, # 这里把 depends_on 段落剔除生成临时文件(服务启动顺序由脚本自己控制), # 既保留 docker-compose.yml 作为唯一配置源,又规避 podman-compose 的兼容问题。 GENERATED_COMPOSE=".podman-compose.generated.yml" prepare_compose_file() { local base="docker-compose.yml" if [ ! -f "${base}" ]; then log "错误:未找到 ${base}" exit 1 fi awk ' /^ depends_on:[[:space:]]*$/ { skip=1; next } skip && /^ / { next } { skip=0; print } ' "${base}" > "${GENERATED_COMPOSE}" if ! grep -q "container_name: ${BACKEND_CONTAINER}" "${GENERATED_COMPOSE}"; then log "错误:生成 ${GENERATED_COMPOSE} 失败,请检查 ${base} 格式" exit 1 fi log "已生成 ${GENERATED_COMPOSE}(已移除 depends_on,规避 podman-compose 依赖等待)" COMPOSE_FILE_ARGS=(-f "${GENERATED_COMPOSE}") } # ---------- 启动单个服务 ---------- start_service() { local service="$1" log "启动服务:${service}" run_with_timeout "${CMD_TIMEOUT}" "${COMPOSE[@]}" "${COMPOSE_FILE_ARGS[@]}" up -d "${service}" } # ---------- 等待 MySQL/MariaDB 就绪 ---------- wait_mariadb() { local tries="${READY_TRIES}" waited=0 log "等待 MariaDB 就绪(最多 $((tries * 2)) 秒)..." while [ "${waited}" -lt "${tries}" ]; do if run_with_timeout 15 podman exec "${MARIADB_CONTAINER}" \ healthcheck.sh --connect --innodb_initialized >/dev/null 2>&1; then log "MariaDB 已就绪" return 0 fi sleep 2 waited=$((waited + 1)) done log "警告:MariaDB 未在预期时间内就绪,继续尝试启动后续服务" return 1 } # ---------- 等待 HTTP 服务响应 ---------- wait_http() { local name="$1" url="$2" tries="${3:-${READY_TRIES}}" waited=0 code log "等待 ${name} 响应(最多 $((tries * 2)) 秒):${url}" while [ "${waited}" -lt "${tries}" ]; do code="$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code}' --connect-timeout 3 --max-time 8 "${url}" || true)" if [ -n "${code}" ] && [ "${code}" != "000" ]; then log "${name} 已就绪:${url}(HTTP ${code})" return 0 fi sleep 2 waited=$((waited + 1)) done log "警告:${name} 未在预期时间内响应:${url}" return 1 } # ---------- 打印部署结果 ---------- print_result() { log "部署完成:" echo " 前端地址:http://localhost:${WEB_PORT}" echo " 后端地址:http://localhost:${BACKEND_PORT}" echo " 演示账号:admin/admin123、teacher1/123456、student1/123456" echo show_status } # ---------- 查看状态 ---------- show_status() { run_with_timeout "${CMD_TIMEOUT}" podman ps -a --filter "name=lab-" \ --format "table {{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Ports}}" } # ---------- 诊断信息 ---------- diagnose() { log "== podman 版本 ==" run_with_timeout "${CMD_TIMEOUT}" podman version 2>&1 | head -5 || podman --version echo log "== compose 命令 ==" echo "${COMPOSE[*]}" echo log "== 相关镜像 ==" run_with_timeout "${CMD_TIMEOUT}" podman images --format \ "table {{.Repository}}\t{{.Tag}}\t{{.ID}}\t{{.Created}}" 2>/dev/null | grep -E "lab-|REPOSITORY" || true echo log "== 相关容器 ==" show_status || true echo for container in "${MARIADB_CONTAINER}" "${BACKEND_CONTAINER}" "${FRONTEND_CONTAINER}"; do if container_exists "${container}"; then log "== ${container} 最近日志 ==" run_with_timeout "${CMD_TIMEOUT}" podman logs --tail 30 "${container}" 2>&1 || true echo fi done } # ---------- 停止并清理 ---------- down() { # 静默调用 compose down(不存在容器时的报错噪音直接忽略),再按容器名兜底清理 local compose_args=() if [ -f "${GENERATED_COMPOSE}" ]; then compose_args=(-f "${GENERATED_COMPOSE}") fi run_with_timeout "${CMD_TIMEOUT}" "${COMPOSE[@]}" "${compose_args[@]}" down >/dev/null 2>&1 || true for container in "${FRONTEND_CONTAINER}" "${BACKEND_CONTAINER}" "${MARIADB_CONTAINER}"; do run_with_timeout "${CMD_TIMEOUT}" podman rm -f "${container}" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true done run_with_timeout "${CMD_TIMEOUT}" podman network rm "${NETWORK_NAME}" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true rm -f "${GENERATED_COMPOSE}" log "已停止并删除容器(数据库数据目录保留)" } down_volumes() { down # 兼容历史配置:清理名为 *mariadb-data 的命名卷 local volumes volumes="$(run_with_timeout "${CMD_TIMEOUT}" podman volume ls --format '{{.Name}}' 2>/dev/null \ | grep -E 'mariadb-data$' || true)" if [ -n "${volumes}" ]; then echo "${volumes}" | while read -r volume; do run_with_timeout "${CMD_TIMEOUT}" podman volume rm -f "${volume}" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true done fi # 当前配置:数据库数据持久化在宿主机目录(DATA_DIR,默认 ./mariadb-data) local absolute_dir absolute_dir="$(cd "$(dirname "${DATA_DIR}")" 2>/dev/null && pwd)/$(basename "${DATA_DIR}")" || absolute_dir="" case "${absolute_dir}" in "${PROJECT_DIR}"/*) if [ -d "${absolute_dir}" ]; then rm -rf "${absolute_dir}" log "已删除数据库数据目录 ${absolute_dir},下次启动将重建演示数据" fi ;; "") log "提示:数据目录 ${DATA_DIR} 无法解析,请手动检查" ;; *) log "提示:数据目录 ${DATA_DIR} 不在项目目录内,出于安全考虑未自动删除,请手动处理" ;; esac } # ---------- 启动流程 ---------- up() { local skip_build="${1:-}" if [ "${skip_build}" != "--no-build" ]; then build_images else log "跳过镜像构建(--no-build)" if ! image_exists lab-backend:latest || ! image_exists lab-frontend:latest; then log "错误:本地缺少 lab-backend / lab-frontend 镜像,请先执行 '$0 build'" exit 1 fi fi prepare_compose_file log "1/3 启动数据库" start_service mariadb wait_mariadb || true log "2/3 启动后端" start_service backend if ! wait_http "后端" "http://localhost:${BACKEND_PORT}/api/labs"; then log "后端未就绪,输出诊断信息:" diagnose exit 1 fi log "3/3 启动前端" start_service frontend if ! wait_http "前端" "http://localhost:${WEB_PORT}/"; then log "前端未就绪,输出诊断信息:" diagnose exit 1 fi print_result } ACTION="${1:-up}" case "${ACTION}" in up) up "${2:-}" ;; build) build_images ;; down) down ;; down-v) down_volumes ;; status) show_status ;; logs) log "按 Ctrl+C 退出日志跟随" podman logs -f --tail=100 "${BACKEND_CONTAINER}" ;; diagnose) diagnose ;; *) echo "用法:$0 [up [--no-build]|build|down|down-v|status|logs|diagnose]" >&2 exit 1 ;; esac